Effect of Roots activity of Saffron Plant and Different Levels of Manure on availability of Soil nutrients

Nutrients availability near to plant root and the improvement of soil physical condition with the correct use of sufficient amount of animal manure can improve saffron yield. Investigating the Effect of Animal Fertilizer on availability of Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), and Iron (Fe) in Farms Soil of Saffron. This study was carried out in nursery unit of Agriculture Faculty, University of Birjand in a randomized complete block design with four replications in 25 kg soil pots in 2014. Treatments of manure including 0 (as control), 40 and 80 ton/ha, combined use of 40 ton/ha of manure + 100% chemical fertilizer and 80 ton/ha manure + 100% chemical fertilizer (soil test), application only chemical fertilizer without manure and application of the same above treatments in unplanted soil with similar conditions. Soil samples were taken after flowering in second year and nutrients determind in laboratory. The results showed that the simple effects of manure and chemical fertilizers were significant on available phosphorus and potassium in planted soil saffron and the highest amount of available phosphorus and potassium (respectively, 9.62 and 763.7 mg / kg soil) ) was obtained from 80 ton/ha of manure. The results also showed a significant effect of the interaction of chemical and animal fertilizers on the Fe concentration in the planted soil of saffron. Therefore, Increasing of P and K concentration and decreasing of Fe concentration in planted soil of saffron indicates the root activity of saffron, which can play an effective role in the availability of nutrients.