Designing and validating the optimal Model of integrated curriculum of energy literacy in secondary education

This study aims to design and validate the model of integrated curriculum of energy literacy in secondary education. According to the importance of energy in life and the main role of education in teaching energy, planning integrated model of energy literacy can help develop and grow students' knowledge, attitudes, skills and abilities. For this purpose, two main questions were investigated in this study: 1) what are the characteristics of integrated curriculum model of energy literacy in secondary education? 2) To what extent is the proposed model valid from the view point of experts of curriculum studies and environmental education? The mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) was used to answer the questions. In first step, the deductive- analytic type of qualitative method was employed to plan model and determine the components of model. In the second step, the quantitative method was used to validate the efficiency of curriculum model. By using purposive sampling, the proposed model was presented to 12 experts in the field of curriculum and environmental education and the obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The integrated curriculum model of energy literacy was planned on the basis of nine components of Klein's curriculum. The main categories in ideal model include basic concepts, energy principles and terminology, energy sources, energy and environment, energy condition in Iran and the world, energy and technology, energy management, and energy and security. The validation results showed that from the viewpoint of curriculum studies and environmental education experts, the proposed model is appropriate and highly confirmed.