Study of Avicenna’s Viewpoint concerning the Criterion of Adducing the Affections of Bodies to Human Souls and the Stages of their Tele-Efficacy

Studying Avicenna’s viewpoint on the impact of human souls on their bodies has received much attention; but the examination of his viewpoint concerning the criterion of adducing to the impacts of bodies on human souls and the stages of tele-efficacy of human souls on bodies has been left unnoticed. In the philosophy of Avicenna, recognition of the instances of tele-efficacy on bodies is based on induction of experience and removal of their improbabilities; some of the extraordinary affairs can be attributed to the souls only when the natural means and causes for these affairs have not been recognized and it is not possible to adduce these affairs to separate intelligences. According to the Shaykh, the limits and power of the efficacy of good souls in miracles and miraculous acts are different from the effects of the evil souls in sorcery, offences, and evil eye; however, the way the souls have their impact in all of them is not essentially different; rather, their difference is in intentions. The influential souls would through certain stages create constitutional qualities in other bodies and cause changes in them.