Side effects of Thiacloprid, Azadirachtin and the red pepper extract on Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hym. Braconidae) in contact and arad methods

Biological control is one of the most important part of the Integrated Pest Management.  Habrobracon hebetor wasp is an effective parasitoid of larvae of Lepidoptera pests. In this research, we investigated the effect of three insecticides, Thiacloprid, Azadirachtin and Red pepper extract on biological parameters of the wasp in two methods, contact and digestive at the laboratory condition. The experiments were conducted in 5 replicates each with 30 wasps.The lethal concentration LC50 in contact method was obtained 0.185, 1.16 and 122.070 mg/l for Thiacloprid, Azadirachtin and Red pepper extract respectively. In digestive method the results were 5.388, 97.68 and 1.977 mg/l respectively. Intrinsic rate of increase (rm) in LC50 were 0.245, 0.233, 0.242 and 0.261 female/female/day) for contact method and 0.228, 0.235, 0.202 and 0.260 female/female/day) for aral method respectively for Thiacloprid, Azadirachtin , Red pepper extract and control. This parameter in treated wasp has been reduced by both methods compared to control. According to the results of this study, the use of Red pepper extract and Azadirachtin had the least negative effect on this wasp.