Relationship between periodontal and Chronic obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

There is an increasing of prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). A lot of researches have shown the relation between periodontal and some kinds of systemic disease. To determine the relation between periodontal disease and COPD this research was performed on patients in Labafinejad hospital and their match control group at 2001-2002. Method & Material: In this case-control study, test group consisted of patients with diagnosed COPD and control group was selected same as test group except for having COPD. Periodontal examination was done which was included: Pocket Depth measurement (PD), Bleeding on Probing (BoP), Probing Attachment Loss (PAL) and plaque index (Loe and Silness). By use of statistical analysis, the above measurements were interpreted. This study was done on 130 attendants totally, 65 persons in each group. The group (case and control) were matched based on age, gender, smoking, socio-economic condition. In the control group, 9.2% and in the test group 29.2.% had PD>3mm (P<0.05) that means COPD patients were 3.4 times more at risk of PD>3mm. In the control and test group, BOP were 49.5 ± 11.7 and 63.5 ± 15.2 (P<0.0001) respectively and COPD patients are 1.8 times more at risk of gingival bleeding in comparison to the control group. PAL>2mm in the control and test group were 61.5% and 80% respectively (P<0.02) that means in COPD patients there is 2.5 times more risk to have PAL>2mm than the control group. Moderate and advanced PI in the control and test group were 24.6% and 44.6% (P<0.02) respectively which shows COPD patients are 2.47 times more at risk of moderate and advance PI. There is a direct relation between periodontal disease and COPD. We recommend an experimental study to show the efficacy of periodontal treatment on progression and prognosis of COPD.