The Study of the Relationship between Religion and Ethics from Ghazali and Hans Kung and the Consolidation of its Metaphysical Foundations Based on Idealist Ethics
Message:
Abstract:
According to Ghazzali's theory of Divine Order, whatever God permits or forbids is respectively right and wrong, and whatsoever God command is obligatory. Therefore, the criterion of the correctness and inaccuracy of any act must be measured in terms of Divine order and forbidding. On the contrary, some Western thinkers defend the independence and self-sufficiency of morality and do not agree with ethics as being base on religion. As one of the contemporary theologians, Hans Kung, inspired by Kant's ethical philosophy, is seeking, along with a critical approach, to find common ground between religions and thus allow for peaceful coexistence between religions. Among the results of this discussion is the impossibility of universal morality in Ghazali's theory, because he based morality on historical religion and sees no room for the general principles of morality. Hans Kung also sees ethics as independent of religion and being of no celestial origin for moral principles; his view, therefore, lacks a credible metaphysical foundation to create an amoral relationship between morality and religion. When comparing the two Western scholars, we may say that Josaya`s idealist ethics is a good idea to justify global ethics in terms of the metaphysical relationship between religion and ethics.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Research Quarterly in Islamic Ethics, Volume:11 Issue: 42, 2019
Pages:
171 to 188
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