An Analysis of Families and Community’s Involvement in The Schools’ Educational and Administrative Processes Using “Overlapping Spheres of Influence” Model

The overall purpose of this research was to analyze the Families and Community’s involvement in the educational and managerial processes of schools using The “Overlapping Spheres of Influence” Theoretical Model. The research method was an explanatory (quantitative - qualitative) combination. The statistical population consisted of all teachers, administrators and parents of elementary school students in Kermanshah. 311 teachers and managers and 381 parents of students were selected as the sample of the study. The tool used in the quantitative section was two questionnaires, and in the qualitative section of the interview protocol. Data analysis showed that Selected schools interfered parental involvement in parenting, voluntary support, home-based learning, decision-making, and communication. But in the area of ​​community-based collaboration, intervention was low. The results of the analysis of the second questionnaire showed that parents have high interfered in six types involvement, but are less interfered in types voluntary support and participation in decision-making. data from the qualitative section in relation to the effect of learning intervention, categories such as institutionalizing social, educational, and religious values ​​by local communities and parents, reinforced learning behaviors. In connection with the barriers to involvement, categories such as conditions and characteristics of parents, conditions and characteristics of students, lack of Flexible teacher's, economic problems, and lack of involvement culture were recorded