Determination of nutritive value and antioxidant capacity of various organs of two Iranian Valak species (Allium akaka S.G. Gmelin and Allium elburzense W.) in different habitates conditions and field

Valak is a native vegetable of Iran that includes several species of melanocrommyum subgenus belong to the Allium genus. The study was carried out to evaluate nutrition and antioxidant capacity of different organs of eight wild populations of two Iranian Valaks (Allium akaka S.G. Gmelin and Allium elburzense W.) in different environmental conditions. Results showed that amount of K and Ca in origin habitat was ranged from 182 to 432 and 159 to 252 mg/100g, and in field were 311 to 533 and 193 to 243 mg/100g were obtained, respectively. The total phenol in range of 1.73 to 2.57 g AGE/kgFW, acid ascorbic in range of 6.08 to 8.11 mg/100g FW and antioxidant capacity in range of 2.13 to 3.02 g AAE/kgFW were obtained in the field, while amounts of the compositions in origin habitat were calculated 1.95 to 2.52 g AGE/kgFW, 6.15 to 8.94 mg/100g FW and 1.85 to 3.07 g AAE/kgFW, respectively. The canonical correlation coefficients showed increasing of altitude and soil pH and decreasing of average temperature led to increasing of zinc, iron and potassium values; this has caused increase in plant defense compounds, including phenols. Results showed that calcium, potassium, magnesium, and zinc had the greatest influence on the synthesis of ascorbic acid, phenols and antioxidant capacity than other elements. Based on canonical eigenvalues, all of environmental parameters studied were effective on nutrition value and antioxidant capacity of Valak, which study of each alone, or some of them, cannot be lead to the desired result, and all of these factors together justify the plant growing conditions.