Antibacterial Effect of protein and Bioactive Peptides of Alpha S1-Casein, on bacterial mastitis in Different Species of Mammals with Docking Method

Generally, the causes of mastitis classified into two types of infectious factores ( eg Staphylococcus aureus ) and environmental factors such as ( Escherichia coli ). The common method to treat this disease is to use antibiotics Which can cause problems related to human health. the Peptides created in the laboratory or In living organisms from incomplete digestion of proteins and have a specific biological function called bioactive peptides. Casein contains antibacterial peptides called israchidine, Which by destroying the cell membrane or mitochondria membrane, It causes the destruction of bacterial cells. The purpose of this study, was to identify the protein and bioactive anti-bacterial peptides of alpha-s1 casein in eight different species of mammals and Comparison of the antibacterial properties of these peptides in these eight species of mammals against two major bacteria producing Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. first, genomic and protein data for eight different species of mammals ( cattle , sheep , camels, horses , humans , ewes and pigs ) was collected from the National Center for Bioinformatics Information Center ( NCBI ) And then, The prediction of bioactive peptide alpha s1 casein and its three-dimensional structure was done with the help of the online software ACCLUSTERServer, I-TASSER and Galaxy WEB. In order to evaluate protein and peptide stability under dynamic conditions ( intracellular conditions ), 3Drefine and YASARA software were used. Finally, the simulation of the interaction ( docking ) of alpha-s1 casein and the bioactive peptides of israchidine with mastitis producing bacteria inside the cell was done using ClusPro 2.0 software online. Bioinformatics analysis on The molecular interaction of this protein and its bioactive peptides in eight different species of mammals with surface proteins in the membrane of two major mastitis producing bacteria shows that milk " sheep and pig " has the highest performance in destroying Staphylococcus bacteria , " Human and ewes "also have the best performance against Escherichia coli and prevent mastitis ( mastitis ). Therefore, it seems that israchidine peptides can be used as natural factors and antibiotic substitute materials to reduce the destructive effects of mastitis on human health through the possibility of transferring resistant bacterial strains to antibiotics from livestock to humans and also increase the quality of milk consumed ( reducing the number of body cells in milk , increasing milk production and less damage to Mustache ).