Introducing and developing reflective leadership at schoolsAnd its role in improving teachers' self-efficacy beliefs

The purpose of present research was to investigate the relationship between principals' reflective leadership with teachers' self-efficacy. The research method was descriptive – correlational. The population consisted of the whole high schools’ teachers nearly 2165 people in the academic year of 1395-96. 327 teachers were selected as a sample using Krejcie and Morgan table through proportionate Stratified random sampling method. The tools used in this research were researcher-made Reflective Leadership Questionnaire based on Castelli’s (2012, 2016) integrated model of RL and the Teachers’ Efficacy Questionnaire (Tschannen-Moran & Woolfolk Hoy,2001). Their face and content validity was confirmed by experts. The instruments’ reliability coefficients were estimated 0/96 and 0/92 respectively. The data, at the descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics level (Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analysis, t-Test, ANOVA and Tukey Test) were analyzed by SPSS 23. The findings showed a positive and significant relationship between principals' reflective leadership and teachers' self-efficacy (r = 0.81, p≤0.05). Moreover 77 percent of teaching strategies, 28 percent of classroom management and 71 percent of student engagement were predicted by principals' reflective leadership. And finally, education and work experience on principals' reflective leadership and teachers' self-efficacy were significant. The principals' reflective leadership can raise the teachers’ self-efficacy belief through the knowledge and experience connection.