Bioresorbable Nano Hybrid Stent Based on a Magnesium Alloy and with the Capability of Controlled Drug Eluting to Treat Atherosclerosis of Heart Coronary Artery

Coronary artery disease is the cause of most disabilities and deaths in the world. It has been more than two decades since stent technology was introduced and has proved to be useful in preventing coronary thrombosis and restenosis compared to balloon angioplasty. When permanent metal implant is used, this medical device would affect internal walls of blood vessels which would result in late healing process of endothelial. Delay in reconstruction of endothelial might lead to stent thrombosis. In recent years, drug eluting stents have played a revolutionary role in treating coronary artery diseases. These stents are invented to reduce risk of artery stenosis in treating coronary artery diseases. Drug delivery stents are important medical options for patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease and have been successful in suppressing uncontrollable neo-intima proliferation in response to successful stenting. Although improvement due to using drug eluting stents have had significant progress in reducing intra-stent restenosis compared to metallic bare stents, long term safety related to using these stents including location selection, high systemic irritant and stent late thrombosis still exists. However this complexity mechanism is still unknown. Therefore in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, bioresorbable scaffolds have been innovated to overcome this limitation. This equipment provides temporary scaffolds and they disappear as time goes by. These scaffolds are made of bioresorbable polymers and metallic alloys. The absorbed stent must carry out duty it is designed for in a specific time, have drug delivery and gradually absorbs in the body and disappears. Magnesium is an essential mineral material required for different physiological functions in human body. Magnesium alloy used in making this scaffold is bioresorbable and its strength to weight is comparable to strong steels. Hence, a magnesium scaffold has required radial strength to destroy atherosclerotic narrowing and is capable of keeping lumen coronary open. Moreover magnesium has antithrombogenic properties in bodies. In this study, their advantages and disadvantages have been investigated and bioresorbable stents and magnesium nano-hybrid stents will be introduced as a new method.