Comparison of DNA Changes in the Genomes of Thyroid Hyperplasia, Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, and Healthy Tissues Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction

Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine cancer. There are several methods for determining the mutation of genes, one of them is random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). This study aimed to compare DNA changes in the genome of thyroid hyperplasia, thyroid papillary carcinoma, and healthy tissues using RAPD-PCR. In this case-control study, 49 patients with papillary carcinoma and thyroid hyperplasia which had normal, hyperplasia, and papillary carcinoma tissues of the thyroid gland were randomly selected. Then, the primer pattern of the sequence 5'-AAGAGCCCGT-3' containing 10 pairs base was evaluated and compared between the tissues. The prevalence of 370-bp pair base band observed in normal, hyperplasia, and pylori thyroid carcinoma tissues was 6.1, 53.1, and 89.8 percent, respectively, and there was a significant difference between the three tissue types (P < 0.001). There was also a significant difference between normal tissue with hyperplasia and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and between hyperplasia with thyroid carcinoma in this regard (P < 0.050). It seems that using RAPD-PCR is a suitable method for the detection and differentiation of normal, hyperplasia, and papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. Bat notice to the limitation of the study, more investigation in this field is recommended.