Golshane Zarnegar and flying cities; an analysis on a distich in the story of Kaykavoos going to Mazandaran

Golshane Zarnegar is a phenomenon in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh which has been used for the first time in the story of Kaykavoos going to Mazandaran. Though the usual meaning of golshan is rose garden, it’s main meaning in Shahnameh is great house and throne. In addition, golshane Zarnegar is a phenomenon which cover more meaning than golshan alone. In this article, we discuss that golshane Zarengar has a mythological identity and a broader meaning than a rose garden or house. it is one of the Seven cities which were built over Alborz mountain, facing to Mazandaran. Seven castles - cities were built of seven different metals, according to ancient Seven metals. This Seven castles-cities is one of Flying- city collections in the ancient Iranian mythe. Flying- cities concept is correlated to other mythical conceptions; flying thrones. These thrones were built as castle and city and in their scales. Flying cities and thrones of Persian kings were carried by demons to heaven. In abstract interpretation,This phenomenon is the allegory for the ascension of Persian kings soul and the theirs getting on the demon of soul and in objective explanation, they are the remembrance of ancient Persian kings great thrones which were carried by Alien kings or their representatives are seen on the tombs of Achaemenid kings.