Iranian Jury: From the Geometry of Adaptation in the Constitutional Period to the Art of Transformation in the Islamic Republic Era

The formation of the Special Court for the Criminal Investigation of the Press over the past three decades, in addition to the main philosophy of the Constitutional regime under Article 168 of the Constitution - that holds the judicial protection of defendants from committing political crimes derives from peaceful conflicts against the government and the governing body, and not the perpetrators of various non-political crimes through the press - the jury's misrepresentation in the proceedings of the media and the issuance of non-specialized, unfair, disproportionate, contradictory, and sometimes unlawful regulations have resulted in continuous violation of the rights of individuals, judicial arbitrary discrimination and violations of law. The implementation of the "Political Crime Act" (due to the expectation of a single jury for political courts and press) in the final stages and the implementation of the recent "press and news agencies bill" (which has established effective regulations in the competence of press jury) can reduce the costs and damages caused by the jury's inadequate interventions and to compensate to a considerable extentthe disregard of the establishment philosophy of the jury and the purpose of the lawmaker in the incorporation of this institution in the judicial system.