Involvement of Multiple Factors in Damages; Causal Link in the Islamic Penal Code and Civil Law

One of the most important issues in the proving of the causal link and determining responsible, is the lack of a definite criterion in cases where multiple factors, as cause and perpetrator and multiple causes, cause harm. The Islamic Penal Code deals with these matters in Articles 526, 533, and 535. However, the legislator has not followed the same position in the regulation, even in the same issue of multiple transverse causes. The present research, while explaining and the provisions of the law that has been considered distinctive solutions for various assumptions, has examined some of the ambiguities and conflicts in the law. According to research findings, legal provisions cannot help judges and other persons involved in the judicial system to reach solution for determining the responsible and the extent of their responsibility. It seems that The determination of the responsible person in the cases of the interference of the various factors in damages on the base of the level of impact, is compatible with the fairness, but the criteria for determining impact, its level and the causal link not specified in the law and need to be amended.