Simko's rebellion over the failed constitutionalism: An explanation (elucidation) on its origins (genesis) and developments

The available original and Academic literature over the Iranian constitutional revolution is a voluminous multidisciplinary one to which a great deal of historiographical, sociological, etc., texts may attest. Though the Iranian constitution has been considered by the literature, whether entirely or partly, the prime objective of the present article is tracing endeavors of the constitutionalists to set up the modern state and statecraft. Seeking for modern state along the primary constitution 1285-1299 H.S. (1906-1921 A.D) finished in vain. Here surprising was any other outcome, since the constitutionalists failed to organize an independent parliament and governmental body from one hand, and disengage the heart of dissident power, the royal court and armed tribal federations, on the other hand. The failed project of the constitutionalists, building the modern state, led to new tribal centrifugal movements. In such an atmosphere Semko’s rebellion took place. His rebellion, irrelevant to the dominant anti or pro constitution environment of the time, theoretically was inspired by ethnical-political aspirations and practically fueled by tribal motivations. The Authors would portray links between defects of an unsuccessful constitutional movement and Semko’s rebellion genesis. In order to reach the goal this paper perceived two key hypotheses; firstly the constitutional projects on nation-state making were undeniably aborted, secondly due upon the abortion Semko’s rebellion developed.