Formulation of the causal model of emotions of shame and guilt based on parenting style: mediating role of attachment styles

The purpose of this study was the causal model of emotion of shame and guilt on the basis of parenting style: mediating role of attachment styles. The sample consisted of 394 students (205 boys and 189 girls) from second grade high school students in Tehran and their parents selected by multistage cluster sampling. In this study, students completed attachment styles questionnaires, scale of shame and guilt emotions. Their parents also completed the parenting style questionnaire. The analyzes were based on the structural equation model. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the proposed model is grateful for data. The direct paths of authoritarian style, avoidant attachment, and anxiety attachment were positive and significant. The direct paths of authoritative parenting style, safe attachment to negative feelings of sin were positive and significant. The direct path of easy parenting style was negatively related to guilt feelings. Regarding indirect routes, the results showed that the indirect effect of child-rearing on feelings of guilt was negatively affected by the secure attachment. The indirect effect of effective parenting on guilty feelings through safe and positive attachment, the indirect effect of childbirth on feelings of shame through attachment, anxiety and avoidance, positive and significant, and the indirect effect of authoritarian parenting on shameful feelings through anxiety and avoidance attachment Positive and meaningful