Examining the Level of Self-efficacy and its Related Factors in Patients with Angina Pectoris Disease Referring to Selected Hospitals in Tehran During 2018

Among all the different types of cardiovascular diseases, the angina pectoris disease has been considered to be the most prevalent. In order to promote the health status of those who are struggling with this disease, different factors such as self-efficacy can be considered. However, the results of previous research in regards to the factors of self-efficacy of angina pectoris patients is extremely diverse. The aim of the present study was to determine the level of self-efficacy and its related factors in patients with angina pectoris disease referring to the selected hospitals of Tehran in 2018. This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was performed on 270 patients with angina pectoris disease referring to the selected hospitals in Tehran who were selected using the convenient sampling method. Data collection was conducted through an interview using a two-part questioner: demographic information and self-efficacy Sullivan scale in patients with angina pectoris. The statistical analysis of data using descriptive and analytical statistics was performed in SPSS software version 20. The range of self-efficacy score in patients was 0 to 52 with a mean score of 31.07±17.7. Therefore, 39% of patients had a moderate level of self-efficacy. The highest score was related to the dimension of “maintain function” (11.54±3.85) and the lowest score was related to the “control symptoms”(9.57±3.35). The results of the chi-square test revealed no significant relationship between age, sex, marital status, situation, with level of self-efficacy. This is while it showed a significant relationship between education level (P= 0.001), employment status (P= 0.001), economic situation (P= 0.007), duration of having the disease (P= 0.02), kind of disease (P= 0.009), with the level of self-efficacy in patients with angina pectoris disease. Considering the fact that patients with angina pectoris disease did not have high levels of self-efficacy, it is recommended that the factors affecting self-efficacy in the examined patients be further investigated. Finally, necessary steps should be taken in order to deal with these factors.