Ketamine; Use, Abuse: Damages caused by its arbitrary use; A review article

Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that because of its minimal effects on respiratory and cardiovascular systems, frequently used in both human and veterinary medicine. But in recent years, it was recognized as a problematic drug of abuse and became increasing popular in many parts of the world. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime report, use of ketamine in East Asia, Australia, North America and Europe was increasing, also in parts of South East Asia because of less International Drug Control and availability of ketamine use of its dramatically increased. Recent studies showed that abuse and long-term use of ketamine cause changes in mood, and physical condition such as damage in the urinary tract, nervous tissue and liver failure among consumers. The review article is written by the keywords “ketamine, anesthesia, abuse”. articles that published in 1978- 2016 were selected. In this study, ketamine introduced initially; then use, abuse, damage caused by arbitrary use and legality of ketamine in some countries discussed and finally methods for the determination of ketamine were mentioned.