The place of science and Technology Diplomacy in the Formation of Soft Power(Case Study: European Union)

Structural changes in the international system Over the past four decades, largely the Westphalian principles have called into question the sovereignty of states in enforcing laws and territorial control. With the end of the Cold War,these changes accelerated and the earth's territory became a small village. By the beginning of the 21st century, new threats, such as environmental problems, poverty, weapons of mass destruction, food security, etc., were found to have a scientific dimension. As a result, the field was provided to create a new concept of scientific diplomacy. The science and technology diplomacy is a way in which knowledge is withdrawn from the monopoly of nations and institutions and is spreading through global cooperation and collaboration. Today, Science diplomacy plays an important role in foreign policy issues. The European Union, as one of the key pillars of science and technology in the world, has made many efforts to use this tool to achieve soft power. In the meantime, the question arises as to how science and technology can be used as a diplomatic tool? Why is science and technology power part of the soft power of nations? What has the European Union pursued in pursuit of its goal? In response to these questions, it can be said that scientific diplomacy through the deepening of cooperation, even if formal channels are closed, allows for the possibility of interconnection between countries, and since governments are able to resort to it Pursuing their national interests through charm and not coercion; it is part of soft power. And the European Union, with an emphasis on innovation, is able to use it to gain prestige and empowerment. In order to prove the research hypothesis, Joseph Nye's soft power theory and the "Luk Van Langenhove" theory will be used to operate the hypothesis.