Effect of Magnitude water, Nitrogen and Nano Nitrogen Fertilizers on Germination of Seeds and Growth Factors on Foeniculum vulgare Mill.

To replace fertilizers from nanotechnology with chemical fertilizers much effort is being made. Fennel is a medicinal plant which has a special place in the pharmacy and food industry. In this study, the effect of magnetized water, nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers on germination of seeds and growth parameters of fennel was studied. Determination of germination percentage showed in both types of irrigation, using nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers significantly reduce the percentage of germination. Maximum germination percentage was obtained in irrigation with plumbing water or magnetized water without using nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers. The highest average number of shoots per plant was obtained in the treatment of magnetized water alone or treatment with plumbing water together with nitrogen fertilizer. The results showed that in both types of irrigation, nano-nitrogen significantly reduces the number of shoots. But it increases the stem's length. Irrigation with magnetized water along with nitrogen and nano-nitrogen fertilizers resulted in a significant increase in the average number of leaves. The results showed although the treatment of plants with magnetized water and nano-nitrogen significantly decreases the shoots numbers but it has a significant effect on stem growth and leaves number. GC-MS analysis of essential oils of petals indicated that the four main compositions in all treatments were limonen, fenchone estragole, and anethol in all treated plants.