The Effect of Growing Conditions Explants and Growth Regulators on Callus Induction Potato Plant (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Plant tissue culture techniques are a useful tool to increase the genetic diversity, crop production and production of plants virus free. The purpose of this study was reached to a useful method for callus induction and regeneration in potato plant. The experiment was set up based on factorial experiment and completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications. In this study, in order to induce callus, different explants (stem, leaf and tuber) of three potato (Sante, Agria and Marfona) were placed on MS medium containing various concentrations of 2,4-D, NAA, IAA and pikloram alone or combined with kinetin and BAP. MS medium containing 2 mg L-1 2,4-D with different concentrations of kinetin was selected as the best callus-inducing medium. Response of three cultivars potato to medium callus induction was different so that the Marfona highest and Sante lowest callus induction were in all callus induction media. The calluses were regenerated in media containing 3 mg L-1 BAP combined with 0.5 mg L-1 GA3. Regenerated shoot were transferred to root-inducing media containing 2 mg L-1 IBA and, plantlets with roots were transferred to pots containing sterilized soil four weeks after culture.