Improving sound absorption behavior of flexible polyurethane foams infused with polymer nanofibers, carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles

In this study, polyurethane foam was prepared using various nanostructures including polymer nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, and nickel oxide nanoparticles. Polyurethane, poly (methyl methacrylate) and poly (vinyl alcohol) nanofibers were first fabricated by electrospinning method and added to the foam during the formation of polyurethane foam along with carbon nanotube and nickel oxide nanoparticles. The morphology, mechanical properties and sound absorption behavior of the foam were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Instron an impedance tube. The results indicate that the nanofibers are uniform and free of beads, as well as the presence of these nanofibers within the pores and porosity of the foam. Polyurethane foam reinforced with polymer nanofibers also showed higher compressive strength than pure polyurethane foam. Sound absorption studies of foam showed that the addition of nanostructures improves the sound absorption efficiency of polyurethane foam in the frequency range of 250-610 Hz. Polyurethane foam reinforced with poly (methyl methacrylate) nanofibers and carbon nanotubes as well as nickel oxide nanoparticles exhibits the highest sound absorption at all frequencies, especially at low frequencies.