Responsive Load Model Integration with SCUC to Design Time-of-Use Program

Suitable scheming as well as appropriate pricing of demand response (DR) programs are two important issues being encountered by system operator. Assigning proper values could have effects on creating more incentives and raising customers’ participation level as well as improving technical and economical characteristics of the power system.
Here, time of use (TOU) as an important scheme of DR is linearly introduced based on the concepts of self and cross price elasticity indices of load demand. In this paper, in order to construct an effective TOU program, a combined optimization model over the operation cost and customers’ benefit is proposed based on the security-constrained unit commitment problem (SCUC). Supplementary constraints are provided at each load point with 24-hour energy consumption requirement along with DR limitations. GAMS software is used to execute the proposed method in which CPLEX solver finds the optimal solution.
IEEE 24-bus test system has been employed to investigate the different features of the presented method. By varying DR potential in the system, TOU rates are determined and then their impacts on the customers' electricity bill, operation cost, and reserve cost as well as load profile of the system are analyzed. In addition, the effect of network congestion as a technical limitation is studied. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method.