Comparative Study of the Effect of Prophylactic Administration of Two Doses of Magnesium Sulfate and Placebo on Cardiovascular Changes during General Anesthesia in Gynecologic Laparoscopic Surgeries

Hemodynamic changes are common complications of different surgeries. Today, laparoscopic surgeries are more exploited due to the lower level of complications, compared to open surgeries. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two doses of magnesium sulfate on cardiovascular changes during general anesthesia in laparoscopic surgeries of women. This double-blind clinical trial study was conducted on 106 women aged 18-65 years, who were candidates for laparoscopic gynecologic surgeries. Subjects were randomly divided into three groups of placebo, and 30 and 50 mg/kg magnesium sulfate. Medication was infused during 10-15 minutes from the onset of anesthesia induction to before the pneumoperitoneum. At the end of the infusion process, carbon dioxide gas blow was used by the surgeon. Parameters of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, arterial oxygen saturation, and heart rate before the induction of anesthesia as a base and after the anesthesia were measured and recorded after the finishing of the infused medication. These parameters were measured and recorded immediately before the pneumoperitoneum and 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 minutes after it. The injection of magnesium sulfate caused significant changes as decrease in systolic blood pressure and heart rate (P < 0.001), and increase in arterial oxygen saturation (P = 0.040) and serum level of magnesium (P < 0.001). Moreover, complications of chills and vomiting significantly was lower in the medication-receiving groups. The 30 mg/kg dose of magnesium sulfate can be safely used for sustainable anesthesia in laparoscopic surgeries of women.