Cognitive status of patients One Year After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury :A Case – Control Study

Previous researches have yield contradictory results in the studies of cognitive dysfunction following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (MTBI ). This research was also designed and conducted to compare the cognitive condition of two areas of attention strength and executive functions in healthy people and patients with MTBI  one year after trauma. In this Case- control study, which was conducted from February 2017 to October 2018, 48  male Patien with MTBI   aged between 30 to 55 years old who were admitted to the intensive care unit of Shohadaye Haftome Tir and Baqiyatallah Hospitals in Theran were randomly selected as case group and 64 healthy men subjects with similar age range as control group. Participants were evaluated using Stroop. and Wisconsin tests in terms of cognitive function.   The results of the study showed that the mean and standard deviation of the age of MTBI patients were 41.17 and 8.25, respectively, and the mean and standard deviation of healthy subjects were 41.81 and 8.609, respectively. The two group had significantly difference (p<0/01), in the areas executive functions at the levels of Categories, Perseverative, correct and error responses, number of trials to complete first category and conceptual level responses. The two group had significantly difference (p<0/05), In the attention test at the level of score of interference but the two groups had not significantly difference for interference time (p>0/05). Patients with MTBI  had overall poorer results for all the tests than healthy people. According to the findings of this research, mild traumatic brain injury can disturb executive functions of the brain's prefrontal lobes after one year. Hence, it is suggested that in clinical and legal evaluations of the patients, this issue to be considered and both psychological and medical interventions.