Effect of growth regulators on micropropagation and bulblet formatiom in local clones of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Hamedan by meristem culture.

Garlic has the second rank in Allium species in the case of highly used plant species after onion with high nutritional and medicinal values. Garlic is a vegetative product and is contaminated by many pathogens and viruses. Meristem culture is an in vitro bulblet production method for removing the viral diseases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate effect of growth regulators on micropropagation and bulblet formatiom in local clones of garlic in Hamedan province by meristem culture. This research was done as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with ten clones and four growth regulators including: MS, MS+1µM BA, MS+1µM BA+1µM NAA and MS+10µM BA+5µM NAA. After the first stage and plantlet production, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 10 clones and 4 hormonal treatments was used in MS medium containing 6% sucrose with three replications. The cultured samples were placed in a refrigerator at a temperature of 4 ° C for four months and then transferred to the growth chamber with 25ºC temperature and photoperiod of 16/8 h (day/night). A month later, take notes of samples. In order to normalize the data logarithmic transformation and uniformity test of variances were used and then Data were analyzed by SAS software and the meanings were compared using Duncan's test. In the first experiment, the use of growth regulators in the culture medium causes significant changes in the production seedling growth characteristics. MS + 1μM BA medium produced the highest seedling weight and leaf length. Garlic clones significant difference in the number of leaves, leaf length and weight of seedling showed. Sheverin clone highest number of leaves, leaf length and the maximum weight the seedlings produced. Interaction between hormonal treatments in clones was not significant for any of the studied traits. In the second stage of the experiment, the interaction of clones in hormonal treatments was significant at 1% level for all traits (plantlet weight, Bulblet weight, Bulblet number, Root weight and Leaf weight). Sheverin clones in MS + 10μM BA + 5μM NAA were highest in all studied traits. totally, the results of this research showed that we can identify the responces of the top clones of the garlic province of Hamedan in meristem culture. Also we achieved the suitable concentration and combination of plant growth regulators on regeneration of different clone garlic in vitro conditions. As a result, a better protocoles were introduced for micropropagation and bulblet formatiom of the garlic in tissue culture.