Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Bone Crest 7 Years after Using Implant Fixture

Considering the ever-increasing growth of smoking and its various complications, including dental and osseous problems, and considering the importance of bone in the dental implant, it seems research is needed to determine the rate and magnitude of the effects of cigarette smoking on dental implants. Given various reports from various works, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on the resorption of the crest of the alveolar bone around implants. In this retrospective cohort study, the patient's data were recorded in two groups, who were cigarette smoker and non-smokers. Twenty-five patients were randomly selected from each group. The subjects underwent panoramic radiographic examinations and the amount of bone loss was determined using the initial panoramic radiograph. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistical methods such as percentages and t-test using SPSS 22 (α = 0.05). TThe majority of the subjects were 40-45 years of age. Data showed no significant difference in the means of changes in the alveolar crest between the two groups (p value = 0.443). In addition, the results showed no significant difference between the mean values of alveolar crest changes between males and females (p value = 0.891). The present study showed that the rate of the alveolar bone crest height in smokers was greater than that in non-smokers; however, the difference was not statistically significant.