Ranking of Economic Sanctions and Estimating Hazard of Sanctions Index Using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process

In last years, one of the main challenges facing the Iranian economy has been economic sanctions. These sanctions have been imposed for various reasons and have been aimed at influencing various economic sectors of Iran. Accordingly, management of the hazard of economic sanctions is one of the most important priorities of policy makers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is classify various types of economic sanctions based on the nature and source of sanctions, and then these sanctions are ranked according to the hazards that affect the Iranian economy. For this purpose, using the fuzzy AHP method and the opinion of experts and experts, the hazards of economic sanctions against Iran are estimated based on two criteria: "imposed costs on economy" and "ability to bypass sanctions". According to the results, United Nations financial-banking sanctions with 56 percent, UN oil sanctions with 21 percent, EU financial-banking sanctions with 15 percent, and EU oil sanctions with the highest hazards of sanctions The Iranian economy. They had a total of more than 78 percent of the total threat of sanctions against Iran. On the other hand, a variety of sanctions imposed by the United States include a total of 15 percent of the hazard of sanctions. As a result, among all the sanctions, the importance of UN / EU financial-banking, and oil sanctions is much more than other sanctions that should be taken into account in the plans and policies adopted.