Evaluation effects of substrate enrichment by chemical and biological supplements on some qualitative characteristics and yield of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)

Substrate composition is one of the most important determinants of the growth and development of oyster mushroom.In this study, the combined effects of chemical supplements including copper sulfate (100 ug/g D.M of substrate), ammonium nitrate (150 ug/g D.M of substrate), magnesium nitrate (100 ug/g D.M of substrate) and biological supplementation of rhizobium bacteria (108 bacterium per ml for one kilogram of spawn) and also, substrates of sawdust, wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse, rice straw and olive-oil industry wastes and ratios from substrates, were studied for the cultivation of mushroom. Nitrogen of fruit body in combined substrate of wheat straw with olive pomace and the non-combined substrate of sawdust were 8.91 mg/100g D.W. and 2.6 mg/100g D.W. respectively. Also amount of riboflavin in combined substrate of sugarcane bagasse with olive pomace and the non-combined substrate of sawdust were 4.9 mg/100g D.W.. and 1.4 mg/100g D.W.. respectively. Also, spawn run-stage was completed in 16.2 days in combined substrate of wheat straw with olive-oil industry wastes. The results showed that total yield (total of three flush) of fruit body in combined substrate of wheat straw and olive-oil industry wastes that enriched with chemical supplementation of ammonium nitrate and the non-combined substrate of sawdust enriched with copper sulfate was 1862.35g and 840.90g respectively.Therefore, combined substrate of wheat straw and olive-oil industry wastes that enriched with ammonium nitrate, is a suitable substrate for the production of ostreatus mushrooms.