Evaluation the effect of vermicompost different levels and mycorrhiza fungi on yield and essential oil production of Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.)

One of the pillars of sustainable agriculture systems, is using biological fertilizers to meet the nutrient requirements of the plant with the aim to eliminate or substantially reduce the use of chemical inputs. Therefore, to investigate effects of mycorrhiza and vermicompost on grain yield and essential oil production of anise, a field experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, University of Yasouj during 2013-2014 growing season. The experiment was conducted as factorial based on complete randomized block design with three replications.Treatments included vermicompost levels (including control, 5 and 10 ton. ha-1) and mycorrhiza (including control, application of Glumus mosseae, application of Glumus intraradices and integrated application of G. mosseae× G. intraradices). Results showed that use of different nutritional resources had a significant effect on the most studied traits in the medicinal herb Anise. So, the highest plant height (53.46 cm), number of umbels per plant (35.44), grain yield (2968.26 kg.ha-1), essential oil perentage (3.40) and oil yield (101.21 kg.ha-1) were obtained in 10 ton.ha-1 vermicompost. Results also showed that the highest 1000-grain weight (2.86gr) and biological yield (8989.43 kg.ha-1) were obtained in the interaction of 10 ton.ha-1 vermicompost+integrated use of G.mosseae and G. intraradices. Also, the highest harvest index (42.03%) was obtained in 5 ton.ha-1 vermicompost. In general, results showed that the use of bio-fertilizers of mycorrhiza and vermicompost had significant role in increasing yield and quality in Anise.