The evaluation of the physical-spatial indicators of urban street vitality Case Study: The streets around Imam Khomeini Square in Hamedan

Meeting the social needs of man and creating the necessary opportunities to create vitality in the community requires the existence of physical space. Public space is a huge capacity to respond to this aspect of human life. In fact, urban space is a peripheral structure for social interactions that can be accessed for members of the urban community (Tuleaee, 2003: 110); today, urban spaces as phenomena that arise from the interplay between the various and essential aspects of modern life are manifestations A network of complex social relationships has shaped many of the basic challenges in the lives of citizens.
Imam Khomeini Square is located next to the main city and economic heart of Hamedan, and most of the surrounding areas are commercial, thus playing a major role in the spatial structure of the city of Hamedan, which can serve as a social base for a considerable number of people in terms of age and sex in different hours the day has a continuous presence and persistence (Ibrahim Zarei, 2011: 58); Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate and explain the distribution of physical and spatial factors, the most important factors affecting the vitality of the streets around Imam Khomeini Square in Hamedan, by elaborating effective factors in creating the vitality of the streets around Imam Khomeini Square in Hamadan. And find strategies for contemporary urban street space design.

In order to achieve the main goal of this research, as well as test the hypothesis, the type of research is descriptive-analytic, then the case-land survey method has been used in studying the scope of the study and the study and evaluation of the criteria extracted from the theoretical framework of research in the area of ​​study is discussed. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire and interview and observation. In this research, according to the existing population of Hamedan, it was decided to use a Morgan table to collect questionnaires from 351 people in the streets around Imam Square. Then, using factor analysis technique which is based on the correlation of variables, the indicators and variables are reduced to a few factors, and variables that are not related to the subject are excluded from the scope of analysis. In the next step, using the GIS software, the physical dimension was measured and finally, using the Moran model, the extent of the distribution of physical factors was investigated at the area of ​​the study area. Space Syntax was used to study the spatial links in the streets around Imam Khomeini Square in Hamedan. In fact, using this method, we can measure the link and connectivity of the network of access and transportation, the link and connection of applications, functions and links, and connect the mass and space within the scope of the study. In order to introduce the applied concepts used in this study, space layout has been used for its main concepts, namely connectors, depth and interconnection.

The largest number of clustering in the streets of Shohada, Ekbatan and Babataher is due to market placement and distribution of well-balanced business centers and cultural heritage. The vitality of today is the missing circle of cities and urban spaces. Considering that urban spaces cover most of our spaces, the necessity of qualitative improvement of these spaces by creating vitality is of particular importance. Because of the lack of vitality in urban spaces, many psychological problems have arisen in people; therefore, it is necessary to meet the social needs of individuals in such spaces and create the right opportunities for these needs. By calculating the correlation between the amount of autonomous physical variables and spatial links on the dependent variable of vitality, as well as the way of connecting the passages and their links, it is concluded that the index of the number of business centers as the most important factor and then the indicators of safety and security , How to link and connect the network, transportation accessibility, how to link and connect the functions and functions, how to link and connect the masses and space are the most effective components on the quality of street life that can be achieved by utilizing public transportation and pause spaces and green spaces on the street to the direction Providing comfort and convenience for pedestrians, priority part of pedestrians and environmental permeability to the streets that are below the norms of this component greatly enhances the vitality of the streets and enriches it.

The results of this study indicate that among the physical and spatial links, the greatest effect is on the existence of shops and business centers and markets, followed by safety and security indicators, the way of linking and connecting the network of transportation access, the way of linking and connecting Uses and functions, how to link and connect the masses and space are the most effective components on the vivacity of the streets that can justify the vivacity present on the streets of Ekbatan, Shohada and Baba Taher. Also, the average variation in the value of alignment and connections indicates that the streets of Ekbatan, Shohada and Baba Taher have a higher convergence value than the western and southern neighborhoods. This means that the network connections in this part of the city are in such a way that access to and within these streets is suitable and that the streets have a good position in the structure and bone structure of the metropolis, which itself promotes the economic and social activities It is located on these streets and provides the conditions for physical, welfare and environmental development and, as a result, vitality.