Management of Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding; A Narrative Review

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is one of the most important medical emergencies that on time diagnosis and treatment of this event can reduce the mortality and improve the prognosis associated with it. UGIB can occur variceal or non-variceal, which variceal type is associated with liver disease, especially cirrhosis of the liver, and non-variceal cases associated with peptic ulcer disease. Non-variceal cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding are diverse and at the top of them placed peptic ulcer disease, which has increased with increasing use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, especially in the elderly. Early resuscitation, early endoscopy and surgery are the key points in the diagnosis, management and treatment of this condition. Today, various endoscopy techniques play a major role in the treatment of this disorder, and the role of surgery has been diminished. The purpose of this study is to review the management of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding.