Influences of Painting Basics and Cultural Factors in Type of Background's and Foreground's Composition in Photography of Qajar Era[1]

Qajar Era[1] Photography entered Iran with a time difference of three years after its invention in Europe, at the time of Qajar dynasty (1842 A.D. / 1258 A.H.) and grew with the growth of this dynasty. Photography needed a proper context at the beginning of its invention and due to its similarity to the painting it used principals and details of western painting. The main hypothesis of present paper is that this effectiveness model has been repeated in Iran and we can witness effects of Persian painting in foreground and background of photographs of Qajar era. We can also claim that composition of photography set in Qajar dynasty was affected by the culture of society which was growing in it. Present paper aims to determine effective roots of painting ad culture on type of background and foreground composition in photographs taken during Qajar era before Mashrute (constitution period) (1904 A.D. / 1322 A.H.). Therefore we have studied the type of composition in foreground and background of Persian painting and a number of photographs taken during of "Naseraldin Shah Qajar" time period. Present research is descriptive - analytical. Library and field resources were used to gather data. Result indicate that composition used in photography of Qajar era before Mashrute (constitution period) was a mixture of Iranian traditional composition and European composition; which could be considered as a completely Iranian style.