The Critical Analysis of Theoretical Mysticism in the Jewish; an Emphasis on Merkava, Qabala, and Hasidism

The existence of the mystical approach in Judaism has been the subject of controversy among religious scholars but it seems that there are some evidences about mystical approach in the history of the Jewish, albeit with ups and downs in parts of history. The study of interpretations of Jewish scholars who seeks to explain the identity of Jewish mysticism is based on the reminder of the presence of God in the human heart and the ultimate goal of mysticism from their point of view is to achieve divine will. Three mystical styles of Merkava, Qabala, and Hasidism can be distinguished as three distinct and interchangeable styles in Jewish history. This paper, by examining Jewish authentic texts, addresses some shortcomings such as the belief in reincarnation, the belief in the penetration of God in creation, God's manifestation as a female being, the denial of Shari'a in the mystical teachings of Judaism, racism and the existence of anti-Semitism beliefs in the mystical tradition of Judaism such as the role of magic in conduct and mystical promotion, as well as the existence of self-contradictory beliefs about the role of angels in this mystical journey, has been mentioned as criticisms of Jewish mysticism.