The Situation of Border Residents and the Shiites of Khorasan in the Political Relations of the Manghits with the Qajar Rulers (1785-1924)

The challenging relations between Iran and Transoxiana from Safavid-Shi'bani era resulted in a tradition in the border areas of Khorasan and continued up to the Maghnits period through war, peace, deployment of military forces, predatory aggressions and taking the frontiersmen captive. Searching for the causes, several factors such as a set of developmental and economic interests, social traditions and political inadequacies with a covering of religious differences are recognizable that had several impacts along with ups and downs under the ruling years of Shibanid dynasty and then Ashtarkhanids. The present study has been conducted focusing on the period after Nader Shah was assassinated and the Manghit dynasty started to rule over a part of Transoxiana. The main question of the research is of how the situation of the people of Khorasan was under the ruling of Manghits during the reign of Qajar dynasty alongside the historical process of the mutual confrontations of Iranians and Uzbeks in the northeast and what factors affected it? The foremost answer and the claim is that there can be found a chain of incidents in relations between Uzbeks and Shiite frontiersmen of Khorasan and the immigrants such as military expeditions, political collaboration with the Qajar administration that  was dependent on the political and social conditions of Transoxiana, the Iranian government policies, the changes occurred in the world of Islam (the Movement of Unity of Islam and Confrontation with Colonialism) and the social conditions of the Khorasanis  who lived in Transoxiana as immigrants.