The Buyids' Succession Struggles and Their Impact on the Decline of Islamic Culture and Civilization, Emphasizing Rational Sciences

The Buyid dynasty, having a familial nature, ruled a significant portion of the Islamic territory in the fourth and fifth centuries. Although the Islamic culture and civilization was at its flourishing peak in the fourth century, it began to decline from the fifth century onward due to numerous factors. The coincidence of this phenomenon with the era of political weakness of Buyids caused by interior struggles confirms a causal relationship between the two events. Using a descriptive-analytical method, by describing the struggles, this study seeks to explain their impact on Islamic culture and civilization, and to answer this question that how the Buyid’s succession struggles contributed to the decline of Islamic culture and civilization, especially in the area of rational sciences. The findings show that the Buyid’s succession conflicts led to the decline of the political power of the Buyid's emirs, which in turn led to the weakness of the ministry, the strengthening of the political opponents of the Sultan, the weakening of economic prosperity, the escalation of social insecurity, the spread of sectarian strife and the prevalence of anti-rational currents. These factors gave rise to the decline of the rational sciences and, consequently, the decline of the Islamic culture and civilization.