Effect of empowerment program based on the health belief model on the activity daily living of patients' with acute coronary syndrome: A clinical trial

Cardiovascular diseases are major cause of early disability in the community workforces; in addition to the patient, it affects other family members and even the community. The aim of the study was to explore the effect of empowerment program according to the health belief model (HBM) on the activity daily living (ADL) of patients with acute coronary syndrome (PACS).

The double-blinded-randomized-controlled clinical-trial was conducted on the 70-PACS in the year 2016-2017. Patients were randomly assigned in the intervention and control groups by convenience sampling and random allocation with quadric-blocks. Considerably, at the first, the ADL questionnaire was filled-out in the two groups, then, for the intervention group, the empowerment program according to the HBM in 7-session and for the control group, the usual care was conducted. Immediately, one and three months later, the questionnaire was filed out in the two groups, again.

The mean and standard deviation of ADL of patients immediately after intervention in the intervention were 3.2 ± 3.48 and in the control groups were 0.03 ± 1.47. The two groups were matched according to the demographic information (P>0.05). The comparison of changes in the ADL in the two intervention and control groups showed that the changes in the post-intervention than the pre-intervention were significantly higher in the intervention than the control group (P <0.001).

The results of the study showed that the empowerment program according to the HBM could increase the ADL of patients with acute coronary syndrome.