The Impact of Ta'ziyah Ritual on the Vernacular Architecture of Mazandaran’s Tekiehs Ask Tribe of Amol

Religion and culture of people in Mazandaran has changed from worshiping natural elements and monotheism to Islam following twelve Shia Imams. The memorial of freedom myth, Third Shiite Imam was hold in the form of Ta'ziyah, as a type of ritual drama in a communal space to worship prophet and his family. Ta'ziyah was undergoing, a transformation and gradually was felt necessary to be performed into indoor space instead of temporary outdoor space. This evolutionary process based on introversion principles resulted in a physical change due to central representation of Ta'ziyah in a ring and audience's position around it too. In contemporary Tekiehs, these changes were appeared in the form of Zainabiya a place for women, and Abu al-Fazli, another station for men. In this research, historical Tekiehs are classified according to climatic situation and functional spaces; and analyzed based on Iranian architecture of principles and symbolic elements of Ta'ziyah. This qualitative research has used historical- interpretative method. The data was collected from field resources and analyzed through comparative descriptive method. The results have shown that cultural factors have more effects to identify the form, symbols, and function of ritual drama than climatic unilateral extroversion to cultural bilateral introversion – extroversion style. The function of spaces has transformed from solid to divides spaces due to audience gender as a cultural factor. The vernacular extroversion space has changed undergoing the influence of central Ta'ziyah scene and central courtyard and introversion of Iranian architecture.