Application of Graphene layer in Design of Reconfigurable Polarized Printed Antenna at X band

In this paper, the two novel reconfigurable polarized microstrip antennas with capability of switch between linear and circular polarization are presented. The main idea in this work is using some narrow graphene strips, as variable surface impedance, in the middle and the edges of a traditional square patch. The graphene strips are activated and deactivated by applying the two different DC voltages. Based on surface conductivity of graphene, the surface impedance of these strips are calculated in both of active and deactivate modes. The simulated results show that the polarization of the proposed antennas can be changed in two or three different cases in the frequency of X band. As a main advantage of the proposed antennas, the change of graphene bias voltage has no destructive effect on radiation patterns and antenna input impedance. In addition, the DC bias voltage of the graphene surfaces in active mode are not high.