Evaluation of Bacterial Flora and Biochemical Changes during Spontaneous Wheat Bran Fermentation

In the poultry industry, additives such as antibiotics are used to increase performance and reduce mortality. In recent years, probiotics are used in poultry nutrition due to their beneficial effects on production and absence in carcasses. In the poultry industry, Bacillus spp. probiotics are used to help increase feed intake and reduce the risk of salmonella infection. The purpose of this study was to isolate native probiotic strains with these abilities. In this research, 25 samples from freshly feces from 7 poultry and 16 samples from 3 rice field regions of Golestan province were collected. After isolation of Bacillus spp. on nutrient agar, their probiotic characteristics such as enzyme production, bile salt, acid, pepsin, trypsin and antibiotic resistance, and the ability of attachment to intestinal epithelial cells and inhibit Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium invasion were evaluated. The selected strain was identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 16S rDNA sequence. Top strain was identified as Bacillus tequilensis, which showed the highest binding to epithelial cells of the intestine and prevented the binding of Salmonella spp. This strain can improve the quality of poultry as a chicken diet and reduce the incidence of salmonellosis in chickens and humans, which, if this is achieved, will be a step towards consumer health. Considering the results obtained in this project, it is hoped to produce native probiotic for the prevention of Salmonella infection in Iran.