The Impact of the Land System on the Rural Economy and the Life of the Farmers in Iran in Safavid Era (from Shah Abbas the First to the Fall of the Isfahan)

The subject of land, ownership, the land ownership system and the government policy and community engagement with government in Iranian history have been among the influential factors on the economic, social, and political changes. Safavid era due to the long-term sustainability of the government includes many tips and experiences. This research seeks to explain the subject that in the Safavid era especially from the era of Shah Abbas the first, what model of the land system has been used in rural and Iranian agriculture? And does this affect the lives of villagers and on the other hand, how has it interacted with this part of society and government? The findings of this study indicate that, the Safavid regime’s framework for land ownership and harvest, in total, compared to taxes and duties dictated, had less benefits for farmers. Such conditions in the long run lead to the formation and expansion of the gap between farmers as the main part of the society and the government. This research has been conducted in a historical, descriptive analytic manner using library resources and since the issue of land management continues to be one of the most critical issues of Iranian society, this research by using historical experiences can present practical tips.