Prediction of Froude Number of Three Phases Flow in Sewer Systems Using Extreme Learning Machines

Generally, circular channels are used in urban sewage systems where the flow is a three phase flow including water, air, and sediments. Accordingly, there are many studies carried out by different researchers related to flow within sewage channels. In current study, the Froude number of three phase flow within sewer channels is predicted using Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). Using parameters affecting the Froude number, 127 various ELM models were defined. The superior model was then introduced. For instance, for the superior model as a function of volumetric sediment concentration, the ratio of the particle size to overall hydraulic radius and overall friction factor for sediment  load of 60% and 40% in train and test, respectively, the R2, MAPE and RMSE in testing mode were calculated as 0.856, 0.117, and 0.738, respectively. In addition, the results of superior model were compared with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and support Vector Machine (SVM) models. Analyses of modeling results showed that extreme learning machine simulated the aim function with more accuracy.