The effect of salinity and drought stresses on seed germination and seedling growth of Rhubarb under laboratory conditions
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Article Type:
Research/Original Article (بدون رتبه معتبر)
Abstract:
Introduction

 Rhubarb (Rheum ribes L.) is an herbaceous and perennial plant from Polygonaceae family that grows naturally in some regions of Iran and is considered as a valuable medicinal species in traditional medicine. Germination stage is an importance of growth plants stages that often influenced by environmental stresses, particularly salinity and drought. Environmental stresses especially water deficiency (drought) is of the most important factors in arid and semi- arid regions of Iran that hugely affects plant growth especially in germination and emergence stages. So, the present research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of salinity and drought stresses on seed germination and seedling growth of Rhubarb under laboratory conditions. Using rangeland species resistant to drought and salinity is essentioal for reform and development of rangelands. In rangelands, drought and salinity are the two preventive factors for foliage production, due to their effect on seed germination and seedling emergence. Salinity stress is one of the most important factors limiting in seed germination and plants growth. Every year, drought stress causes great damages on crops in the world, particularly in Iran with arid and semi- arid climate. Evaluation of crop tolerance to environmental stresses particularly during seed germination and seedling emergence is a main measure to choose them for cropping in different circumstances. Since common investigations in field conditions are time consuming and influenced by many companion variables of soil, climate and agricultural practices, So a fast and precise evaluation of crop response to stress would be achieved using an experiment in controlled environment conditions. In the same context and in order to study the seed germination response of Rhubarb to salinity and drought stresses in germination stage, two separate experiments was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications.

Materials and methods

In order to study the effect of salinity and drought stresses on seed germination and seedling growth of Rhubarb, two separate experiments were carried out based on a completely randomized design with three replications (each replication included 30 seeds in petri dishes in 12 cm diameter) in horticulture laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Iran. In the first experiment, the effect of salinity stress levels (0, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320 and 360 mM) induced by sodium chloride and in the second one the effect of drought stress levels (0, -0.3, -0.5, -0.7, -0.9, -1.1, -1.3, -1.5, -1.7 and -1.9 MPa) caused by polyethylene glycol 6000 on traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, radicle length, plumule length, seed vigor index and fresh weight and seedling dry weight were investigated. The seeds were kept for 21 days in germinator with 16/8 h dark/light photoperiod (16 hours dark and 8 hours light) and temperature 25 °C. Criteria germination seeds, exit radicle the size of two mm shell of the seed was considered. Data variance analysis using the SAS software and traits means comparison using the least significant difference test was conducted at 5 % probability level.

Results and discussion

According to the results of variance analysis, showed that significant (p < 0.01) effect of different levels of salinity and drought stress on germination percentage, germination rate, radicle length, plumule length, seed vigor index and fresh weight and seedling dry weight, so that with increasing salinity stress level and drought all of the studied traits significantly (p < 0.01) reduced. Also, comparison of treatment means showed that the most amounts of studied components such as germination percentage, germination rate, radicle length, plumule length, seed vigor index and fresh weight and seedling dry weight were related to control treatment (0 mM NaCl and 0 MPa PEG) and the least amounts of the above- mentioned traits were belonged to salinity level 360 mM and drought level -1.9 MPa. In addition, the results current study indicate positive and significant (p < 0.01) correlation all of the investigated traits together. In general, the results of this research indicated that the plant Rhubarb, is highly tolerant to salinity and drought stress in germination stage.

Language:
Persian
Published:
Journal of Seed Ecophysiology, Volume:2 Issue: 1, 2017
Pages:
17 to 32
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