A Comparative Study of the Goals and Principles of Intellectual Education in the Thought of Allameh Ja'fari and Kant

This study examines the theory of intellectual education from the perspective of Allameh Ja'fari and Kant in the context of the goals and principles of intellectual education for use in education. Allameh Ja'fari, as a Muslim thinker, views rational education as the cultivation of human thinking to transfer from ordinary life to reasonable life. Intellectual education also has a kind of goals and principles that have one ultimate goal and several intermediate goals. The ultimate goal of rational education is to bring humanity into the worship of God and to serve God as its intermediate goals, including self-realization and the overcoming of reason over the self and the conversion of raw emotions into pure emotions. The principles of rational education are: the principle of supreme reasoning, the principle of the balance of reason and emotion, the principle of continuity and learning and the principle of purity of heart. Kant, on the other hand, holds that, because of the self-fundamental characteristic of reason, one must consider himself not only in the field of theoretical reason but also in the field of practical reason. The goals of his rational education are to perfect all human powers, the continuous development of man and human perfection, the transformation of the natural man into the moral man, and the guiding of man towards true freedom. In his view, the principles of rational education are observing the principles of freedom, discipline, activity, harmony, experience and foresight. The purpose of this article is to investigate the differences between the two systems of rational education and to analyze the epistemic and educational aspects of each on the type of human education.