Optimization of calluc induction and tansformation some cultivar of Iranian Rice with Agrobaterium

Rice (oryza sativa L.), as the second crop, provides food for half of the world’s population. Improving new high performance cultivars, with better quality and resistance to biotic an a-biotic stresses are important objectives of rice breeding through genetic engineering. This study, have been done to optimization of a callus induction and, transformation protocol for some cultivar of Iranian Rice. In first experiment, effect of plant growth regulators, proline and genotype in callus induction, and bacterial concentration and strain on selected cultivar transformation were evaluated. Analyses of variance were showed significant difference between plant growth regulator and genotype in response to callus induction. Almost all of the cultivars induced callus up to 80% in majority of PGRs combinations Hasan saraei, have the higher callus growth rate (over 0.49 g) in the medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 2,4-D, and Dom sorkh and Garib had the highest callus fresh weight (above 0.4 g) in media containing 2 mg/l 2,4-D plus 2 mg/l NAA. Use of prolin in callus induction medium decreased callus growth. Lowest callus biomass (0.138 g) produced in medium containing 600 mg/L proline. Among the three evaluated strain only the EHA105 produced transgenic callus.  Analysis of variance showed there was no significant difference between bacterial OD600 on transformation efficiency, but OD600=1 Produced more transgenic callus.