Importance of chromosome 4 in genetic controlling Spike Related Traits in Barley

In order to identify QTLs controlling traits related to spike population of 103 family of barely derived from the cross of Badia and Kavir were assessed based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agriculture and Natural Resource of Gonbad Kavous University in 2014 and 2016. The studied traits were grains number in spike, spike length, spiklets in spike, total spike weight, total spike and awn length. Based on composite interval mapping, nineteen QTLs were identified for the traits under study. Phenotypic variation that were explained by these QTLs, varied from 10-34%. The highest and lowest phenotypic variations were related to grains in spike and spike weight, spike length in the second year respectively. The Highest and loest LOD scores were obtained for the QTLs of grains in spike and spike length in the second year respectively. Negative and positive additive effects for identified QTLs showed the inheritance of favorable alleles from both parental lines to progenies in the detected loci. For the studied traits, five QTLs were common for grain number per spike, spike weight, number of spikelets per spike, spike length and awn length was locating. The markers showed tight linkage with major QTLs, could be used in marker assisted selection breeding programs for selection of superior family and incorporating of favorable alleles in to commercial barley varieties.