Numerical analyzing of flow in open channel junction with effect of side slope of channel

Open channel junctions are so important in water conveyance networks. As a result, the researchers have been focusing on study of flow characteristics in these parts of water systems. Numerical simulation allows us to achieve the answer for engineering problems without encountering the experimental difficulty and with minimum cost. The aim of this study was, developing a 1D analytical model for simulating open channel junctions base on continuity, energy and momentum equations and some simple assumptions and comparing the experimental results in order to validation of analytical results. In experiments, side slope of main channel was 45 and 90 degrees. The studied variables were the ratio of depth at the junction. Investigation of results showed that increase of Froude number and inlet discharge ratio would lead to increase of turbulence which would decrease precision of analytical model. Also the increase of side slope of main channel caused less turbulence and more precision of the analytical model. In analytical model maximum reported error was about 15% for angle of 90 degrees, with relatively high discharge and depth in main inlet channel and minimum reported error was about 5% for angle of 45 degrees, with relatively low discharge and depth in main outlet channel