Alpha‑wave Characteristics in Psychophysiological Insomnia

Individuals with psychophysiological insomnia (Psych‑Insomnia) would show raised cortical arousal through their initiating sleep. Frequent changes in the alpha activity can be indicative of visual cortical activation, even without visual stimulation or retinal input. Therefore, we aimed to investigate alpha‑wave characteristics in Psych‑Insomnia before and after sleep onset. In a case– control study, 11 individuals with Psych‑Insomnia (age: 44.00 ± 13.27) and 11 age‑, sex‑, and body mass index‑matched healthy individuals (age: 41.64 ± 15.89) were recruited for this study. An overnight polysomnography monitoring was performed. Alpha characteristics were calculated from wake before sleep onsets (WBSOs), wake after sleep onset, rapid eye movement, and nonrapid eye movement in the both groups. They include the alpha power and alpha frequency and their variability in the central region. In the WBSO, alpha activity and variability were higher in the Psych‑Insomnia individuals compared to healthy individuals. In both groups, alpha frequency variability was observed at approximately 1 Hz. Alpha‑wave synchronization in Psych‑Insomnia individuals was higher than the group with normal sleep. Individuals with Psych‑Insomnia have a lot of imagination in the wake before sleep, which can be caused by stress, everyday concerns, and daily concerns.