Evaluation of Tolerance for Drought among a Number of Wild Diploid Populations, Tetraploid and Hexaploid Cultivars of Wheat using Morphological and Agronomic Traits
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Article Type:
Research/Original Article (دارای رتبه معتبر)
Abstract:

Providing the main food for people in arid and semi-arid regions such as Iran, bread wheat is considered one of the most important crop plants in the world. The present study was aimed to assess the genetic diversity and the relationship between morphological and agronomic traits under normal and drought stress conditions among thirty-five wheat genotypes. A split-plot in RCB consisting of three replicates was carried out. The morphological and agronomic traits, which were measured, included plant height, awn length, spike length, leaf length, internode length and number of nodes, number of tillers, number of leaves, number of spikelets per a spike, number of grains per spike, number of spikes per plant, grain yield, 100 grain weight and biological yield. And phonological traits containing of number of days to germination and heading were calculated too. According to anova, there were statistically significant differences among various wheat genotypes for the all of traits evaluated. Correlation coefficients among traits demonstrated that in normal conditions, there was a positive correlation between grain yield and spike length, spike weight, number of nodes, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike and number of spikes per plant. However, under stress conditions, grain yield showed a positive correlation with spike weight, number of nodes, number of leaves, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike and number of spikes per plant. In regression analysis, the four variables entered the model in normal conditions, included 100 grain weight, number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike and awn length. And the six variables under stress conditions which have been entered the model contained number of grains per spike, number of spikes per plant, spike weight, 100 grain weight and leaf length. Path analysis revealed that under normal and stress conditions, 100 grain weight and spike weight had the highest role in increasing grain yield, respectively. In the analysis of the main components, the three main factors justify 77/5٪ of the total variation in normal condition.According to the results, the genotype D1(genomeAA(and Sabalan cultivar,which in all their high performance conditions,can be recognizwd as the most tolerant.

Language:
Persian
Published:
Journal of Crop Breeding, Volume:11 Issue: 31, 2019
Pages:
11 to 27
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